ON THE HISTORY OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE MAMLUK AND TEMURIYS STATES
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article analyzes the diplomatic relations that developed between the Mamluk Sultanate and the Timurid state in the 14th-15th centuries. The main attention is paid to the role of the two states in the international political arena, mutual trade relations, diplomatic missions, as well as the impact of military conflicts on diplomacy. The article reveals the essence of diplomatic relations between the Mamluks and Timurids, relying on sources such as Al-Maqriziy, Rui Gonsales de Klavixo , akad V.V. Bartold, and the works of modern researchers. As a result, it is scientifically proven that the relations between the two states, based on mutual competition and cooperation, were an important part of medieval Eastern diplomacy.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their manuscripts, and all Open Access articles are disseminated under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC-BY), which licenses unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is appropriately cited. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, and so forth in this publication, even if not specifically identified, does not imply that these names are not protected by the relevant laws and regulations.
How to Cite
References
1. Bartold, V.V. Essays. Vol. II. - Moscow: Nauka, 1963. 215 p.
2. Ruy González de Clavijo Ruy González de Clavijo. Diary of a Journey to Samarkand (1403-1406). Translation by A. M. Mirzayev. Tashkent: Fan, 1990. p. 112.
3. Al-Maqrizi, Ahmad ibn Ali. Kitab al-Suluk li-ma'rifat duwal al-muluk. - Cairo, 1845.
4. David Ayalon. The Mamluk Military Society. London: Variorum Reprints, 1979. 56 p.
5. Manz, Beatrice Forbes. The Rise and Rule of Tamerlane. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. 132 p.
6. Northrup, Linda. From Slave to Sultan: The Career of Al-Mansur Qalawun and the Consolidation of Mamluk Rule in Egypt and Syria (678–689 A.H. 1279–1290 A.D.). – Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1998. 145 p.
7. Irwin, Robert. The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate 1250–1382. – London: Croom Helm, 2002. 97 p.